CalculationCutting Force per Kienzle
Cutting Force per Kienzle
Calculates the specific cutting force per Kienzle from material, uncut chip thickness, and width of cut for turning and milling.
How to use the result
The main cutting force acts in the cutting direction. It determines drive power and torque. Feed and passive forces depend on material and cutting-edge geometry and are usually substantially lower than the main cutting force.
Chip thickness has the greatest influence: halving chip thickness increases kc by 2^mc; at mc = 0,25, by about 19%. Thin chips are therefore not as easy to machine as their cross-section suggests.
Database values apply to sharp cutting edges. Use the wear factor to calculate force at the end of tool life.
Formulas
kc = kc1.1 · h^(−mc) · Kγ · KverFc = b · h · kcturning: h = f · sin κ, b = ap / sin κmilling: hm = fz · sin κ · 2 · (ae/D) / φs, cos φs = 1 − 2 · ae/Dmilling: Fc,mean = Fc,tooth · z · φs / 360°Kγ = 1 − (γ − γ0) / 100 with γ0 = 6° (steel) or 2° (cast iron) Sources: Kienzle, O.: Determining forces and power on metal-cutting machine tools (1952); König, W.; Klocke, F.: Manufacturing Processes 1, Turning, Milling, Drilling (Kienzle model and correction factors); Tabellenbuch Metall: kc1.1 and mc, correction factors Kγ and Kver